"Daughters look like dad, sons look like mom".....Says who !!

That saying — “daughters look like dad, sons look like mom” — is a mix of folk observation and a little bit of science, but it’s not a strict biological rule.

Here’s the truth behind it:

 Chromosome Basics

• Mothers: Always pass one X chromosome to each child.

• Fathers: Pass X chromosome to daughters, Y chromosome to sons.

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Traits Passed to a Daughter

Since a daughter gets:

• X from Mom + X from Dad

She inherits:

From Mother

Physical Traits

• Mitochondrial DNA — always inherited from the mother, influencing cell energy production.

• Skin type & tone tendencies.

• Hair texture and density patterns.

• Eye shape and facial features.

• Body shape tendencies (hip-to-waist ratio, bone structure).

 Health & Genetic Traits

• Risk factors for autoimmune disorders (e.g., lupus, thyroid issues).

• Certain metabolic traits (e.g., lactose tolerance).

• Menstrual cycle patterns and menopause timing.

• Specific X-linked genetic traits (e.g., some color vision variations if present on both X chromosomes).

Personality & Behavioral Influences

• Communication style and emotional expression patterns.

• Some cognitive tendencies (memory styles, learning approach).

• Family cultural habits and dietary preferences.

From Father

Physical Traits

• Eye color (if dominant genes from the father).

• Height potential (major influence from father’s height genes).

• Facial bone structure (jawline, nose shape).

• Hairline patterns (widow’s peak, hair density).

 Health & Genetic Traits

• One X chromosome from the father -carries genes affecting immunity, brain development, and some rare disorders.

• Risk factors for certain diseases (e.g., cardiovascular health patterns).

• Blood group (if father’s allele is dominant).

Personality & Behavioral Influences

• Spatial reasoning and mechanical aptitude tendencies.

• Risk-taking or cautious behavior patterns.

• Temperament blend is influenced by paternal genetics.

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 Traits Passed to a Son

Since a son gets:

• X from Mom + Y from Dad

He inherits:

From Mother

Physical Traits

• X chromosome traits — since a son gets his only X chromosome from mom, all X-linked traits are 100% maternal in origin.

1. Hemophilia carrier genes
2. Certain muscular disorders (e.g., Duchenne muscular dystrophy risk)
3. Color vision (color blindness risk comes from mom’s side)

• Facial features — shape of eyes, lips, and hair texture.

• Height influence — partly determined by mom’s genes.

• Skin tone — maternal influence mixes with paternal skin tone.

Health & Genetic Traits

• Mitochondrial DNA — comes only from mom → affects energy production, stamina, metabolism rate.

• Immunity aspects — some immune response traits passed via maternal genetics.

From Father

Physical Traits

• Y chromosome traits — since only dads give Y chromosomes, all Y-linked traits are purely paternal.

1. Biological sex determination (XY = boy)
2. Certain male-pattern baldness variants (though some baldness genes are also X-linked from mom)
3. Growth of facial hair, voice depth after puberty

• Height influence — strong paternal effect if dad’s side is tall.

• Facial bone structure — jawline, brow ridge, cheekbone prominence.

• Body frame & muscle distribution — shoulder width, muscle-building tendency.

Health & Genetic Traits

• Blood type influence — combination, but paternal genes may dominate in certain ABO combinations.

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 Special Notes

Quick Rule of Thumb

• Mom → X-linked traits + mitochondria + many facial & immune traits.

• Dad → Y-linked traits (if son), overall height & build, certain hair/eye patterns.

• Daughters can be carriers of X-linked disorders without showing symptoms; sons often show them if inherited.

• Mitochondrial DNA always comes from the mother — affects all children equally.

• Polygenic traits (height, intelligence, skin tone) come from both sides.